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personnel training; performing QC testing during Geomembrane installation;
and maintaining records documenting installation.

G. Subgrade Surface: The soil surface that immediately underlies geosynthetic
material.

13 SUBMITTALS

A. CONTRACTOR shall submit the following information to ENGINEER:

1. ‘Installation Contractor qualifications, including project descriptions with
references.

2. Brand of Geomembrane to be used, and a statement from the
Geomembrane Manufacturer detailing its properties and composition, and
a description of the GGomembrane Manufacturer’s QC program.

3. Draft warranties regarding quality of workmanship, materials, and long-
term performance of the GGomembrane.

4. Shop Drawings showing extent, sizes, panel identification numbers, and
details of the GGomembrane installation, including recommendations for
terminating the material and proposed methods of sealing around
penetrations if different from those shown on the Drawings.

5. |The Geomembrane Manufacturer’s certification that the resin used meets
the Specifications. The QA/QC certificates issued by the Geomembrane
Manufacturer and the resin supplier shall be provided.

D. Prior to shipping the Geomembrane from the factory, CONTRACTOR shall
provide the roll certifications to the CQA Consultant.

E. Prior to deploying Geomembrane, the Installation Contractor shall allow
ENGINEER to review the Subgrade Surface.

14 QUALIFICATIONS OF INSTALLATION CONTRACTOR AND MANUFACTURER

A. To perform the work of this Specification, the Installation Contractor shall have
demonstrated by previous experience its ability to do the Work.

B. The Installation Contractor shall provide the services of a competent field
technical representative throughout the installation of the Gomembrane. The
field technical representative shall remain on-site throughout the installation of
the Geomembrane for Gcomembrane layout, seaming, patching, testing, repairs,
and other activities of the Installation Contractor.

D. All personnel performing seaming operations shall be qualified by experience
and by successfully passing seaming tests.

E. All field seams shall be inspected over their full length in accordance with these
Specifications by the Installation Contractor in the presence of the CQA
Consultant or the CQA Consultant’s representative.

File No. 3066.21 Geomembrane 02550 - 2 of 10 January 2021

1.5

1.6

The manufacturer shall furnish complete written instructions for storage,
handling, installation, seaming, repair, and inspection of the Geomembrane
material in compliance with this Specification and conforming to the conditions
of the warranty. A copy of all manufacturer’s literature shall be submitted to the
CQA Consultant upon request.

PROJECT MEETINGS

A.

A preconstruction meeting is required between OWNER, ENGINEER,
CONTRACTOR, the CQA Consultant, and the Installation Contractor, prior to the
start of GGomembrane installation work on-site. The intent of the meeting is to
discuss the requirements of these Specifications to ensure that all parties
involved are familiar with their respective responsibilities.

The Installation Contractor shall attend other construction meetings that may be
held during the installation of the geosynthetics associated with the project.
These meetings will be held to review work activities, discuss the project
schedule, provide clarifications, and review possible questions.

QUALITY ASSURANCE

A.

OWNER will retain a the CQA Consultant to perform construction quality
assurance services during the Gcomembrane installation. The CQA Consultant
shall be on-site for observation of GGomembrane handling, deploying, seaming,
testing, and repair work.

The Installation Contractor shall cooperate with the CQA Consultant, and furnish
tools, samples of materials, and assistance as requested.

The Installation Contractor shall apprise the CQA Consultant of the proposed
work schedule on a daily basis, and shall inform the CQA Consultant of schedule
changes in a timely manner.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1

GEOMEMBRANE

A.

Membrane Resin Specifications

1. Geomembrane shall be from first-quality resin containing no recycled
polymer (product run may be recycled). The resin shall be the same for
the Geomembrane and the extrudite rod or bead and shall meet the
following specifications:

Property Test Method Value
ASTM D1238 ;
Melt Index Condition 190/2.16 <1.0 grams (g)/10 min.
Density ASTM D792 = 0.932 g/cm?

File No. 3066.21 Geomembrane 02550 - 3 of 10 January 2021

B. Geomembrane Specifications

1. The Geomembrane Manufacturer shall deliver Geomembrane that is in
conformance with the specifications below.

Property Test Method Value
Thickness (min. ave.): 40 mil
Lowest individual reading (-10%) ASTM D5994 34 mil
Asperity Height (min. ave.) ASTM D7466 16 mil

; ASTM D1505_ or
Formulated Density 2 0.94 g/cc

D792
Tensile strength (min. ave.) @)
Yield strength 84 lb/in. width
Break strength ASTM D6693 60 lb/in. width
Yield elongation 12 percent
Break elongation 100 percent
Tear resistance (min. ave.) ASTM D1004 28 lbs
Puncture resistance (min. ave.) ASTM D4833 60 lbs
Stress Crack Resistance (min. ave.) ®) ASTM D5397 > 500 hours
Carbon Black Content (range) ASTM D4218 2 to 3 percent
Carbon Black Dispersion ASTM D5596 (C)
Oxidative Induction Time (min. ave.) ASTM D3895 2 100 minutes
Notes:

A. Test in Machine direction and cross machine direction. The average values should be based on 5
test specimens each direction.
= Yield elongation is calculated using a gage length of 1.3 inches.
=" Break elongation is calculated using a gage length of 2.0 inches.

B. This test is not appropriate for testing geomembranes with textured or irregular rough surfaces.
The test should be conducted on smooth edges of textured rolls or on smooth sheets made from
the same formulation as being used for the textured sheet materials. The yield stress used to
calculate the applied load for the test should be the manufacturer’s mean value obtained from the
manufacturer’s quality control testing of the same sample.

C. Carbon black dispersion (only near spherical agglomerates) for 10 different views:

=" 9in Categories 1 or 2; and
= lin Category 3.

2. The Geomembrane shall contain a minimum of 2 percent but not more than
3 percent carbon black according to ASTM D1603, and have a carbon black
dispersion rating of Category 1 or Category 2 according to ASTM D5596.

3. The Geomembrane shall consist of unreinforced HDPE containing 3
percent by weight maximum additives, fillers, or extenders, including
carbon black.

4. The Geomembrane shall have no striations, pinholes, or bubbles and shall
be free of holes, blisters, undispersed raw materials, or any sign of

File No. 3066.21 Geomembrane 02550 - 4 of 10 January 2021

contamination by foreign matter.

5. The Geomembrane delivered to the site shall be accompanied by a QC

Certificate for each roll (roll Certificates must be provided to the CQA
Consultant prior to shipment to the job site), and shall be identified with a
distinctive code that will serve as the identification number on the as-built
drawing.

7. The texturing of the GGomembrane shall be regular and uniform. Rolls of

Geomembrane containing irregular texturing (bald areas or clumps of
texturing material) shall be rejected by the CQA Consultant and must be
removed from the site at no cost to OWNER.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

A.

Transportation to the site and unloading and storage at the site shall be the
responsibility of the Installation Contractor. Damaged Geomembrane or
Geomembrane not meeting these Specifications shall be immediately removed
from the site and replaced, at no cost to OWNER. Once delivered, the
Geomembrane rolls shall be stored on a prepared surface approved by the CQA
Consultant, no more than three rolls high, and protected from dirt, grease, water,
abrasions, excessive heat or cold, or other damage.

Geomembrane rolls shall be handled with appropriate equipment to prevent
damaging or stressing of the GGomembrane. Loading and unloading shall be
performed using equipment such as spreader bars and cloth chokers.
Deployment shall be performed using equipment such as roll bars and vise-grip
pliers designed to handle sheet materials. Any damaged Gcomembrane shall be
repaired or replaced immediately, at the discretion of the CQA Consultant, and
at no cost to OWNER.

Geomembrane shall not be stockpiled or stored within the limits of the area to
be lined.

3.2. WEATHER CONDITIONS

A.

Geomembrane panels shall not be installed, seamed, or repaired during periods
of precipitation, excessively high winds, or in areas of ponded water or excessive
moisture. Geomembrane panels may be installed and seamed only if the
ambient air temperature, measured 6-inches above the Geomembrane, is less
than 110 degrees (°) Fahrenheit (F). Installation and seaming of GGomembrane
panels in ambient temperatures below 40°F shall only be performed with
approval of ENGINEER, and only if trial seams demonstrate the ability to meet
seaming specifications. The Installation Contractor shall submit for
ENGINEER’s review and approval a plan for installation and seaming
Geomembrane in temperatures between 0°F and 32°F.

File No. 3066.21 Geomembrane 02550 - 5 of 10 January 2021

3.3 GENERAL INSTALLATION

A.

The Installation Contractor shall be responsible for field handling, storing,
placing, and seaming, plus any other processes required to assemble a
continuous secure Gcomembrane.

Installation shall be performed under the direction of a competent field
technical representative. The technical representative shall be in charge of the
installation and shall be responsible for the work performed.

Smoking is prohibited on the GGomembrane or other geosynthetics associated
with the project.

Subgrade Surfaces to be lined shall be smooth and free of all rocks, stones, sticks,
roots, sharp objects, or debris of any kind. The surface should be smooth and
provide a firm, unyielding foundation for the Gcomembrane with no sudden,
sharp, or abrupt changes or breaks in grade. No standing water or excessive
moisture shall be allowed. Prior to the installation of any GGomembrane, the
Installation Contractor and the CQA Consultant shall observe the surface that
the Geomembrane will be installed. The Installation Contractor will direct any
remedial work required to bring the surface into compliance with the
Specifications required for Gcomembrane installation.

The Geomembrane shall be placed over the prepared surfaces in a manner that
results in minimum handling. Any portion of GGaomembrane damaged during
installation by any cause shall be removed or repaired at no additional cost to
OWNER.

All deployed Geomembrane panels shall be protected from wind uplift by
placing suitable ballast that will not damage the Geomembrane during its
placement or removal.

Vehicle traffic shall not be allowed directly on Geomembrane panels. Equipment
shall not damage panels by handling, leakage, transporting across panels, or any
other means. Personnel working on or with Geomembrane panels shall not
wear shoes that may damage the panels.

Geomembrane panels shall be deployed using methods that will not stretch,
crimp, abrade, or otherwise damage panels. Placement of panels shall employ
methods that limit wrinkles and differential wrinkles between adjacent panels.

Geomembrane panels shall be secured in the anchor trench as indicated on the
Drawings.

All pipe penetrations through the Geomembrane shall be sealed with a boot of
the same material as the panels, meeting the same resin specifications, and
installed in accordance with the Drawings.

File No. 3066.21 Geomembrane 02550 - 6 of 10 January 2021

3.4

GEOMEMBRANE SEAMING

A.

Seaming equipment shall be equipped with temperature gauges and readout
devices that enable continuous monitoring of equipment temperatures during
seaming. Electric generators shall be capable of providing constant voltage
under load and shall be underlain with a splash pad to collect spilled fuel or oil
when located on the GGcomembrane.

Surfaces to be seamed shall be overlapped a minimum of 4 inches and cleaned
of moisture, grease, dust, dirt, debris, and any other foreign material. No solvent
or adhesive shall be used for seaming without approval from the manufacturer
and the ENGINEER.

Where moisture or dirt interferes with the seam, a protective sheet of plastic
shall be placed below the seam overlap to protect the panels being seamed. This
may consist of a “rub sheet” of plastic that is pulled along beneath the seaming
apparatus.

Surfaces to be seamed using extrusion welding shall be cleaned of oxidation by
disc grinder not more than one hour before extruding the seam. Abrasion of the
seam area with the disc grinder shall not extend beyond the extrusion bead area
unless inspected and approved by the CQA Consultant. Tack welding of the
panels to be seamed shall not damage the Gcomembrane or adversely affect the
seaming operation. The top Gcomembrane of the seam overlap shall be beveled
and the extrusion apparatus shall be purged of heat-degraded extrudite before
seaming.

Should wrinkles occur, a cut shall be made along the ridge of the wrinkle and
laid flat so the edges of the material overlap. The overlap shall be extrusion-
seamed and any portion of the seam with less than 3 inches of overlap shall be
patched with a circular or oval patch extending a minimum of 6 inches beyond
the cut in all directions.

All T-seams and air testing needle holes are to be capped with a circular or oval
patch extending a minimum of 6 inches beyond the spot weld in all directions.

The Installation Contractor shall visually inspect seams and panels for holes,
crimps, abrasions, or defects, and shall mark each suspect location. Each
marked location shall be repaired, and non-destructively tested.

Methods of repair shall consist of spot welding small tears or over-abraded
areas where thickness of the GGomembrane was reduced by more than 6 mils
(0.006 inches) abrading and re-welding small sections of defective extrusion
welds and removing a defective seam and replacing with a new strip of material.
The surface of the GGomembrane in the seam/repair area shall be abraded no
more than one hour before the repair is made. All GGomembrane surfaces shall
be cleaned and dried at the time of the repair. Patches over larger holes and

File No. 3066.21 Geomembrane 02550 - 7 of 10 January 2021

3.5

other defects shall extend a minimum of 6 inches beyond the edges of the defect.
All corners of patches shall be rounded with a radius of at least 3 inches.

TRIAL SEAM TESTING

A.

Trial seams shall be performed with each seam welder at the beginning (start of
shift) of each day, and at the beginning of each period after which the welder has
been turned off or disconnected from its power supply, or has been idle for 30
minutes (extrusion welder) or 60 minutes (hot wedge welder), and after any
change in operator personnel on a welder, after 5 hours of continuous seaming,
or at any other time deemed necessary by the CQA Consultant.

The Installation Contractor is responsible for providing and operating an on-site
tensiometer and corresponding sample cutting equipment to perform all trial
and field seam testing.

Trial seams shall be produced under the same physical conditions as production
seaming.

Trial seam sample testing:

1. Trial seams shall be a minimum of 5 feet long and 12 inches wide
(perpendicular to the seam).

2. One-inch wide samples shall be cut perpendicular to the seam and tested
according to ASTM D6392 in a tensiometer for bonded seam strength
(shear) and peel adhesion.

3. Two (2) samples will be tested for shear and peel (4 peel tests total for
fusion welds as both edges of the weld must be tested). All tests must pass
for an acceptable trial seam.

4. Each sample failure must consist ofa ductile break that is film tearing bond
and must meet the strength requirements of the following table:

Property Test Method Minimum Value
Peel Strength Fusion ASTM D6392 60 lb/in
Peel Strength Extrusion ASTM D6392 52 lb/in
Shear ASTM D6392 80 Ib/in

If a trial seam test fails, then another trial seam shall be performed and tested.
If the second trial seam fails, then the seam welder shall not be used until it is
repaired or faulty conditions are corrected, and two trial seams pass the
destructive tests.

A record of the date, time, ambient weather conditions, test results, operator,
and equipment number shall be kept by the Installation Contractor, and
submitted to the CQA Consultant.

File No. 3066.21 Geomembrane 02550 - 8 of 10 January 2021

3.6 INSTALLATION CONTRACTOR QC TESTING

A. The Installation Contractor shall non-destructively test the full length of all
seams to ensure watertight, homogeneous seams. Test methods shall consist of
vacuum box testing, air-pressure testing of double-fusion seams, or other
methods approved by the manufacturer and the CQA Consultant. The test shall
be performed as work progresses, rather than at the completion of all field
seaming.

B. Vacuum box testing shall be performed on extrusion welds using a vacuum box
with a rigid housing, transparent viewing window, a soft rubber gasket on the
bottom edge, and a valve assembly with a vacuum gauge. The vacuum box must
be approved by the CQA Consultant prior to use. The CQA Consultant has the
right to reject any vacuum box that he feels may not provide accurate results.

C. Vacuum box testing shall be performed by applying a soap-and-water solution
to the seam and placing the box over the seam so a leak-tight seal is obtained,
applying a vacuum of 5 psi to the box. The seam shall be examined through the
viewing window for at least 10 seconds by the CQA Consultant for the presence
of soap bubbles. If soap bubbles are detected in the viewing window, the
location will be marked and repaired in accordance with these Specifications.
Vacuum testing shall be performed in accordance with ASTM D5641.

D. Air pressure testing shall be performed on double-fusion seams having an air
channel between the seams. Both ends of the seam shall be heat-sealed and a
hollow needle with a pressure gauge and valve attached shall be inserted into
the air channel. A pump shall be attached to the needle and an air pressure of
25 psi shall be applied to the air channel. The valve shall be closed and the
pressure shall be observed for a minimum of 5 minutes. If the pressure drops
more than 2 psi or doesn’t stabilize, then the defective area shall be located,
marked, and repaired in accordance with these Specifications. After completing
the air pressure test, the needle shall be removed and the hole shall be sealed
and tested with the vacuum box. The CQA Consultant shall witness the entire
test, including the release of pressure or vacuum, to monitor for a defective
pressure or vacuum gauge. Air pressure testing shall be performed in
accordance with ASTM D5820.

E. Destructive testing of seam samples is not required.
3.7. FINALINSPECTION

A. A final inspection shall be performed by the Installation Contractor, the CQA
Consultant, ENGINEER, and OWNER prior to the Installer’s crew demobilizing
from the site. All identified problem areas shall be repaired by the Installation
Contractor and accepted by the CQA Consultant prior to the installation crew
demobilizing from the site.

File No. 3066.21 Geomembrane 02550 - 9 of 10 January 2021

[END OF SECTION 02550]

P:\3000s\3066.2 1\Source Files\Tech Specs\ Division 2 Specifications\Section 02550 Geomembrane.docx

File No. 3066.21 Geomembrane 02550 - 10 of 10 January 2021

SECTION 02560
LANDFILL GAS EXTRACTION WELLS
PART 1 - GENERAL
11 SCOPE OF WORK

A. Supply all equipment, materials, and labor needed to install landfill gas
extraction wells as specified herein and as indicated on the Drawings.

12 SUBMITTALS

A. CONTRACTOR shall submit to ENGINEER Certificates of Compliance on
materials furnished, and manufacturer’s brochures containing complete
information and instructions pertaining to the storage, handling, installation,
and inspection of pipe and appurtenances furnished.

B. CONTRACTOR shall submit to ENGINEER test results of all well backfill
materials furnished.

C. CONTRACTOR shall submit to ENGINEER well logs within 7 days of the
completion of well installations.

1. The well logs shall depict a construction diagram for each well drilled,
including the total depth of the well, the temperature of soils, depth,
thickness, and description of soil or waste strata, and the occurrence of any
water bearing zones.

13 SITE CONDITIONS

A. Obstructions and saturated conditions such as sludges, and foundry sands are
sometimes encountered when drilling in landfills, many of which can be drilled
through. CONTRACTOR is expected to make reasonable effort to drill through
obstructions and saturated conditions and will be paid for offset redrilling and
boring abandonment only with prior written approval from OWNER.

B. Well drilling shall be performed on a level surface. CONTRACTOR shall
provide a level surface at each drilling location as required. The size of the
level area shall be acceptable to the drilling subcontractor. Any soil placed to
level the drilling location shall be removed following well installation.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 STONE AGGREGATE

A. Stone Aggregate shall be hard, durable, and resistant to weathering and to
water action, free from overburden, spoil, and organic materials. Stone

SANBORN HEAD