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SECTION 401

3.1.4.5 When the plant is to be operated in other than daylight hours, adequate lighting shall be provided in all areas
frequented by the inspector during his normal routine. Specific areas to be illuminated include the truck loading zone and
sampling location. A light or lights shall also be located so as to allow the clear observance of the truck bady lubrication
operation.

3.1.5 Scheduling Inspection Personnel - General.
3.1.5.1 The Contractor shall notify the Bureau of Materials and Research at least three working days in advance of starting

paving operations to allow sufficient time to schedule required plant inspection personnel. When paving bridge decks that have
barrier membranes, this notice shall include the name of the membrane product so that the mix temperature may be established.

3.1.6 Access to Production Facilities — General.
3.1.6.1 The Engineer shall have access at any time to all parts of the plant for inspection of the conditions and operations
of the plant, for confirmation of the adequacy of the equipment in use, for verification of proportions and character of materials,
and for determination of temperatures being maintained in the preparation of the mixtures. The Contractors shall provide a
suitable building, room, or trailer for exclusive use by the DOT Technician as a testing laboratory in which to house and use the
testing equipment. Laboratories shall be in an approved location, with one laboratory provided for each plant.

3.1.7 Field Laboratories — General.
3.1.7.1 Field laboratories shall meet the following minimum requirements:

Outside Method Requirements: 16 fi long by 8 ft wide [or equal] by 7 ft high (4.8 m long by 2.4 m wide by
Dimensions: 2.1 m high).

Performance Requirements (QC/QA): Laboratory shall consist of a minimum of 200 fi? of floor
-....Sbace, laid out to accommodate shelves, benches, desk, equipment and personnel movement,
Iwo, with locks and screens, providing cross ventilation. co
One, with lock and screen.
_ Adequate lighting and,
n _._Unit size shall be as reco
Heat: ___________ Thermostatically controlled to maintain a minimum ten
Weatherproofing: Roof, sides, and floor shall be maintained weatherproof at all times.
Appurtenances: a) An exhaust fan and hood over the extractor. The hood shail be large enough to cover the extractor.
The fan shail be a high-volume axial-flow fan, at least 10” in diameter, and of sufficient capacity to
vent the fumes adequately.
b) Free wall space of at least 12 ft*; or a bulletin board of equal area for posting notices and job mix
formulas.

Method Requirements: Suitable shelves and benches. One bench shall be approximately 24” wide X
36” high and at least 10 ft long. The bench may extend the length of the building.)
Performance Requirements (QC/QA):Suitable shelves and benches. Bench space shall be
approximately 24” wide by 36” high. There shall be a minimum total length of 19 ft of bench space.

ended for size of the facility. So

_Air Conditioner: _ ee
minimum temperature of 68°F (20°C),

3.1.7.2. The following office furnishings and testing equipment shall be provided:

(a) Electronic balance with tray, at least 300 oz net capacity, sensitive to 0.003 oz.

(b) Desk and chair in good working condition.

(c) Set of U.S. Standard brass sieves, each sieve being 12” in diameter and 1- 1/2” high. The set shall consist of
one each of the following sizes: 1- 1/2”, 1-1/4", 1”, 3/4”, 1/2", 3/8”, No. 4, No. 8, No. 16, No. 30, No. 50,
No. 100, No. 200, with pan and cover.

(d) Motor driven shaker for 12” diameter sieves. Shaker shall meet the following requirements: Rotating
turntable, tilt to 45 degree angle and have hammers to tap each sieve during operation.

(ce) Motor driven centrifuge extractor, 100 oz capacity with variable speed up to 3600 rpm, with filter rings and
non-toxic solvent approved by the Bureau of Materials and Research,

(f) Tachometer readily available to check the speed of the extractor.

(g) Automatic timer with interval of 0 to 30 minutes.

(h) Bristle brush for cleaning No. 200 sieve.

(i) Brass brush for cleaning 8” diameter sieves.

Qj) Five pans or bowls, approximately 4” high, 15” round or square.

(k) Spatula, large spoon, garden trowel, measuring scoop, and 1 quart pitcher.

(1) Fire extinguisher, minimum five pound dry chemical.

2016 NHDOT
GoTo=} TOC Division 100 Division 200 Division 300 Division 490 Standard
Division 500 Division 600 Division 700 Specifications

SECTION 401

(m) Desk brush and floor broom.

(n) Sample splitter (riffle type), chute width 1- 1/2 to 2”

(0) Microwave oven when drum mix plant is used.

(p} Minimum of one metal sample pail for each hot bin.

(q) Lavatory with toilet (See 698.2.2.4) and wash basin, unless approved otherwise.

(r) Water, hot and cold, and water suitable for drinking. (Fountain style will be acceptable),

(s) Telephone with private line.

(t) Drying oven, minimum of 3.5 fe.*

(u) Equipment sufficient to perform AASHTO T 209.*

(v) Water cooled diamond saw capable of cutting 6” road cores.

(w) High Speed Internet Connection - Each laboratory (on State-bid projects) will be provided with bi-directional
Internet access having a minimum data rate of 256K bps.

(x) Wheelbarrow when a drum mix plant is used.

*All ovens other than microwaves shall be vented to the outside.

3.1.7.3. All of the foregoing testing equipment shall be in good condition and shall be replaced or repaired by the Contractor
if, during the duration of the project, it becomes unsuitable for testing purposes. Testing equipment shall be calibrated by the
Contractor in accordance with 106.03. The above mentioned equipment is for operation of a single plant.

3.2. Storage of Asphalt Binder — General.

3.2.1 Tanks for storage of asphalt binder shall be of minimum 10,000 gal capacity and equipped for heating the material
under effective and positive control at all times, to the temperature requirements set forth in the specifications for the paving
mixture. Heating shall be accomplished by steam or oil coils, electricity, or other means such that no flame shall come in contact
with the heating tank.

3.2.2 A complete system providing for continuous circulation of the asphalt binder between the storage tank and the
proportioning units shall be employed. The discharge end of the circulating pipe shall be maintained below the surface of the
asphalt binder in the storage tank to prevent discharging the hot asphalt binder into the open air.

3.2.3 The Contractor shall provide in the asphalt binder feed lines connecting the plant storage tanks to the asphalt binder
weighting system or spray bar a sampling outlet consisting of a valve installed in such a manner that samples may be withdrawn
from the line slowly at any time during plant operation. The sampling outlet shall be installed between the pump and the return
discharge line in such a location that it is readily accessible and free from obstruction. A drainage receptacle shall be provided
for flushing the outlet prior to sampling.

3.3. Control of Asphalt Binder — General.

3.3.1 Satisfactory means either by weighing or metering shall be provided to obtain the proper amount of bituminous
material in the mix within the tolerance specified. Means shall be provided for checking the quantity or rate of flow of bituminous
material into the mixer as follows:

(a) Metering devices for asphalt binder shall indicate accurately to within 1.0 percent the amount of asphalt binder
delivered. The section of the asphalt binder flow line between the charging valve and the spray bar shall be provided
with a three-way valve and outlet whereby the quantity delivered by the meter may be checked by actual weight.
The valve controlling the flow of asphalt binder to the mixer shall close tightly to prevent asphalt binder from
leaking into the pug mill during the mixing cycle. The meter shall be constructed so that it may be locked at any
dial setting to 0.1 gal and will automatically reset to this reading after the addition of asphalt binder to each batch.
The dial shall be in full view of the mixer operator. The size and spacing of the spray bar openings shall provide a
uniform application of asphait binder the full length of the mixer in a thin uniform sheet or in multiple sprays.

(b) Ifa bucket is used for weighing the asphalt binder, the bucket shall be of sufficient capacity to hold and weigh the
amount required for a batch in a single weighing. The filling system and bucket shall be of such design, size, and
shape that asphalt binder will not overflow, splash, or spill outside the confines of the bucket during filling and
weighing. The filling system and bucket shall be so arranged as to deliver the asphalt binder in a thin uniform sheet
or in multiple sprays over the full length of the mixer, The time required to add the asphalt binder shall be not more
than 15 seconds.

(c) Asphalt binder scales shall conform to the requirements for aggregate scales as specified in 3.1.6.7. Beam type
scales shall be equipped with a tare beam or adequate counter-balance for balancing the bucket and compensating
periodically for the accumulation of asphalt binder on the bucket.

2016 NHDOT
Go To=> TOC Division 106 Division 200 Division 300 Division 400 Standard
Division 500 = Division 600 Division 700 Specifications

SECTION 401

3.3.2 Suitable means shall be provided, either by steam or oll jacketing or insulation, for maintaining the specified
temperatures of the asphalt binder in the pipelines, meters, weigh buckets, spray bars, and other containers or flow line.

3.4 Baiching Pianis — General.

3.4.1 All aggregate shall be delivered by belt driven feeders. All feeders shall provide for adjustment of the cold feed and
shall be capable of being secured in any position.

3.4.2. Dryers shall continuously agitate the aggregate during the heating and drying process without leaving any visible
unburned oily residue on the aggregate when it is discharged from the dryer. If unusually wet aggregate is being used, the input
to the dryer shal! be reduced to that amount which the dryer is capable of drying. Aggregates shall be free from coatings of dust
after drying.

3.4.3 Plant screens shall be constructed and operated in such manner that all aggregates will be uniformly separated into
the sizes required for proportioning. They shall have sufficient capacity to furnish the necessary quantity of each aggregate size
required for continuous operation. Screen cloth that has become broken or has worn sufficiently to affect the gradation shall be
replaced.

3.4.4 Thermometric equipment shall be provided as follows:

(a) An armored thermometer of suitable range shall be fixed in the asphalt binder feed line at a suitable location near
the discharge at the mixer unit.

(b) The plant shall be further equipped with an approved thermometer, pyrometer, or other approved thermometric
instrument that continuously indicates the temperature of the heated aggregate at the discharge chute of the dryer.

3.4.5 Hot bins shall consist of at least four separate aggregate compartments. One compartment shall be reserved for fine
aggregate, and when required, one additional compartment shall be added for dry storage of mineral filler. Alternate bin systems
may be utilized with prior approval from the Department. Provision shall be made for accurate proportioning. Each compartment
shall contain the following features:

(a) Sufficient volume to supply the mixer at full rated capacity.

(b) An overflow pipe that shall be of such size and at such a location as to prevent any backing up of material into
other bins or into contact with the screen. Overflow apparatus shall be equipped with a telltale device that alerts
the operator and the inspector when the overflow equipment is full.

(c) Adequate telltale devices to indicate the position of the aggregate in the bins at the lower quarter points.

(d) Gates that cut off quickly and completely with no leakage.

(e) Adequate and convenient facilities including safe platforms for obtaining representative samples from each bin,

3.4.6 | Weigh boxes shail be of sufficient size to hold the maximum required weight of aggregate for one batch without hand
raking or running over, The weigh box shall be supported on fulerums and knife edges so constructed that they remain in
alignment or adjustment. All parts of the weigh box shall be free from contact with any supporting rods, columns, or other
equipment that affects the proper functioning of the hopper or scale. Gates on both bins and weigh hopper shall be constructed
to prevent leakage when closed.

3.4.7. Aggregate scales for any weigh box or hopper shall be of standard make and design and shall be accurate to 0.5
percent of the indicated load. The weight shail be indicated on a digital display. Scales shall be substantially constructed and
shall be installed in such a manner as to be free from vibration. The display shall be in full view of the operator, and the numerals
shall be of such a size that they can be easily read by the inspector. If the digital display is so located that it is not easily accessible
to the inspector, a duplicate display will be required for exclusive viewing by the inspector. The job mix formula target weights
shall continuously be part of the digital display during plant operations. The digital scale weight indications shall be displayed
adjacent (in juxtaposition) to each target weight for easy comparison to the job mix formula. It shall be the responsibility of the
Contractor to ensure that all scales are tested and sealed according to provisions as shown in the National Institute of Standards
and Technology Handbook 44, at least on an annual basis. The work shall be accomplished by a competent commercial scale
company prior to the start of the construction season, Scales shall be re-tested prior to use, after they have been moved. The
Contractor shall have readily available at least ten standard 50 Ib weights, for checking the scales during operations.

3.4.8 The batch mixer shall be of an approved pug mill type, hot oil or steam jacketed, or heated by other approved means
and capable of producing uniform mixtures within the specified tolerances. The mixer shal! have a batch capacity of not less
than 4,000 lb and be constructed so as to prevent leakage during the mixing cycle. The amount of material that may be mixed
per batch shall not exceed the manufacturer's rated capacity. If the mixer does not mix properly at the rated capacity, or if its
production does not coordinate with the other plant units, the Department reserves the right to reduce the size of the batch until
the desired efficiency is obtained. The pug mill shall be equipped with a sufficient number of paddles operated at such speed as

2016 NHDOT

Go To= TOC Division 100 Division 200 Division 300 Division 400 Standard
Division 500 Division 600 Division 700 Specifications

SECTION 401

to produce a properly and uniformly mixed batch. If, in the course of mixing, two adjacent paddle tips become broken, immediate
repair will be called for. If the paddle tips become broken at widely separated points, repair may be delayed until the end of the
working day. The clearance of the tips from all fixed and moving parts shall not exceed 3/4”. Badly worn or defective tips shall
not be used in mixing operations. The mixer shall be covered to prevent loss of fine material. The discharge gate shall be so
designed that no uncoated material is retained at the gate opening during the mixing operation. Leakage from the pug mill gate

during operation will not be permitted.

3.4.9 Each plant shall be equipped with an accurate time lock to contro! the operations of a complete mixing cycle. A
mixing cycle shali consist of two periods, the dry mixing period and the wet mixing period. The dry mixing period shall be the
interval of time between the opening of the aggregate weigh hopper gate and the start of the application of asphalt binder. The
wet mixing period shall be the interval of time between the start of the application of asphalt binder and the opening of the mixer
gate. The time lock shall be capable of being set at intervals of five seconds or less throughout the mixing cycle and shall have
a suitable case equipped with an approved lock. The setting of time intervals shall be performed in the presence and under the
direction of the Engineer who may lock the case until such time as a change is to be made in timing periods. The time lock shail
lock the asphalt binder bucket throughout the dry mixing period and shall lock the mixer gate throu ghout the dry and wet mixing
period.

3.4.10 | The use of a fully automatic batching plant will be required and shall meet the following requirements:

(a) The automatic proportioning controls shall include equipment for accurately proportioning batches of the various
components of the mixture by weight in the specified sequence and for controlling and timing the mixing operation.
Interlocks shall be provided that delay, stop, or lock out the automatic batch cycling whenever the batched quantity
of any component weight or the total batch is not within the specified weight tolerance, or when there is a
malfunction in any portion of the control system.

(b) The automatic control for each batching scale system shall be equipped with a device for stopping the automatic
cycle in the underweight check position and in the overweight check position for each material so that the tolerance
setting may be checked.

(c) Each dial scale system shall be equipped with a removable dial puller that can be attached to the dial lever system
so that the dial can be moved smoothly and slowly through its range to check the settings of the automatic control
system. The plant operator shall perform this automatic control system checkout procedure periodically as
requested by the Engineer.

(d) The weigh batching controls shall meet the following tolerances for the various components weighed in each batch:

Percentage of
Component Weighed Total Batch Weight
Tare weight of aggregate weigh box +0.5
‘Tare weight of asphalt binder w

_Each aggregate component HS
Mineral filler +0.5
Asphalt +0.1

(e) The total weight of the batch shall not vary by more than +2.0 percent of the designated batch weight.

(f) Recording equipment shall be provided in all plants employing automatic proportioning. Each recorder shall
include an automatic printer system. The printer shall be positioned so that the scale reading and the printer can
be readily observed from one location by the plant inspector. The printer shall produce, in digital form, a weight
slip conforming to the requirements of 109.01 and 401.3.8.1.

(g) Ifat any time the automatic proportioning or recording system becomes inoperative, the plant will not be allowed
to operate.

3.4.11 The aggregate shall be dried and heated to a minimum temperature of 260° F. The asphalt binder shall be heated to a
temperature between 260° and 325° F. Each size of hot aggregate, the mineral filler if required, and the bituminous cement shall
be measured separately and accurately to the proportions in which they are to be mixed. The mixture shall be made by charging
the mixer with the hot aggregate, coarse sizes first, unless otherwise directed, which shall be dry mixed for 5 to 15 seconds. The
asphalt binder shall be added and the mixing continued until a uniform coating is obtained and all particles of the aggregate are
thoroughly coated. The total dry and wet cycle shall not be less than 35 seconds for base and binder mixtures and not less than
40 seconds for the wearing course. In no case shall the total mixing period exceed 75 seconds.

3.4.12 Ifthe aggregate in the hot bins contains sufficient moisture to cause foaming in the mixture, such aggregate shall be
removed from the bins, and production rate shall be reduced so as not to exceed the capacity of the dryer. Material having once
gone through the mixing plant shall not be returned to the stockpiles.

2016 NHDOT
Go To=) TOC Division 100 Division 200 Division 300 Division 400 Standard
Division 500 = Division 600 Division 700 Specifications

SECTION 401

3.5 Drum Mix Plants — General.

3.5.1 The plant shall be specifically designed for the process and shall be capable of satisfactorily heating, drying, and
uniformly mixing the bituminous material and aggregate in accordance with the job mix formula. The rate of flaw through the
drum shall be controlled in order that a homogeneous mixture is obtained with all particles uniformly coated. In no case shall
the quantity of mix produced exceed the manufacturer’s rated capacity. If the percent of moisture in the mixture exceeds 1.0
percent by weight, the right is reserved to decrease the rate of production. The plant shall be equipped with automatic burner
controls.

3.5.2 The cold bins shall be divided in at least five compartments and shall be designed to prevent the overflow of material
from one bin to another. When reclaimed pavement is used, an additional bin designed for this purpose will be required. In
event of an emergency this bin may be used to feed aggregate in an amount not to exceed 15% of material to complete the days
production. Each cold bin shall be equipped with an orifice to feed the aggregate accurately and uniformly. The feeding orifice
shall be adjustable, and indicators shall be provided to show the gate opening. An automatic plant shutoff device shall be provided
to operate when any aggregate bin becomes empty or the flow from any bin gate becomes restricted. A vibrator or other suitable
means may be required in order to ensure a uniform flow of materials. The order of aggregate feed onto the composite cold feed
belt shall be from coarse to fine.

3.5.3 The total cold aggregate feed shall be weighed continuously by an approved belt scale. The weighing system shall
register within +0.5 percent of the indicated load.

3.5.4 Proportioning controls for aggregate and asphalt binder shall be located at the panel that also controls the mixture and
the temperature. The panel shall be equipped with automatic controls that shall display, in digital form, the percentages of asphalt
binder, mineral filler if required, and each aggregate in the job mix formula. The panel shall also be equipped to raise and lower
the production rate without having to reset the individual controls for each change in production rate. The controls shall maintain
aggregate flow accuracy such that the total variation of all materials being drawn per interval of time shall not exceed an amount
equal to 1.5 percent of the total weight of bituminous mixture per interval of time.

3.5.5 Provisions shall be made for introducing the moisture content of the total cold feed into the belt weighing system and
correcting the wet aggregate weight to dry aggregate weight. The system shall be capable of adjusting the flow of bituminous
material to compensate for any variation in the dry weight of the aggregate flow. It shall be the responsibility of the Contractor
to monitor and determine accurate moisture contents of the aggregate and RAP stockpiles used for production of hot mixed
asphalt. Accurate moisture contents shall be determined at a minimum every other day of production. In the event of rain,
moisture contents shall be determined for all aggregates and RAP to be utilized before the next day's production.

3.5.6 The dry weight of the aggregate flow shall be displayed by automatic digital readout in units of weight per interval of
time.

3.5.7 | When mineral filler is specified, a separate bin and feeder shall be provided with a variable drive interlocked with the
aggregate feeders. Mineral filler shall be introduced and uniformly dispersed into the mixture without loss to the dust collection
system. A device shall be provided to indicate when the flow of filler into the delivery system stops or its specified volume is
out of job mix tolerance. The rate of flow shall be accurate to within 0.5 percent by weight, of the total mix. Means shall be
provided to readily divert the flow of mineral filler into a container for measurement.

3.5.8 The asphalt binder shall be introduced through a continuously registering cumulative indicating meter by a pump
specifically designed for the plant. The meter shall be located in the asphalt line so that it continuously registers the asphalt
discharge to the mixer and so that the discharge through the meter can be readily diverted into a suitable container for
measurement by actual weight. The meter shall indicate accurately to within 1.0 percent the amount of asphalt binder being
delivered. The accuracy of the pump and meter shall be verified at periodic intervals as designated by the Engineer.

3.5.9 Satisfactory means shall be provided to ensure positive interlock between dry weight of aggregate flow and the flow
of bituminous material through an approved meter.

3.5.10 The flow of bituminous material shall be displayed by automatic digital readouts in terms of volume or intervals of
weight and time.

3.5.11 The plant shall have a means of diverting mixes at start up and shut down or where mixing is not complete or uniform.

3.5.12 A surge or storage system complying with 3.7 shall be provided.

2016 NHDOT

GoTo=9)> TOC Division 100 Division200 Division 300 Division 400 Standard
Division 500 Division 600 Division 700 Specifications

SECTION 401

3.6 Mixing Temperature.

3.6.1 Method Requirements.
3.6.1.1. The Engineer may adjust the job mix formula temperature within the limits of 260° and 350°F according to the
existing conditions. Material with a temperature at discharge outside the job mix formula tolerance may be rejected. In no case
will a mixture be accepted with a discharge temperature in excess of 375°F.

3.6.1.2 During hot weather, the temperature of the mixture when discharged shall be as low as is consistent with proper
mixing and placing. During cold weather, a temperature approaching the upper limit is desirable

3.6.2 Performance Requirements (QC/QA).
3.6.2.1 The job mix formula temperature may be adjusted within the limits of 260 °F and 350 °F according to the existing
conditions. Material with a temperature at discharge outside the job mix formula tolerance may be rejected. In no case will a
mixture be accepted with a discharge temperature in excess of 375 °F.

3.7 Hot Storage System — General.

3.7.1. Material may be placed in a storage silo for a period not to exceed 24 hours from the time of mixing. The upper and
lower gates when closed shall create an airtight seal. The silo shall be filled to capacity. 24 hour storage will not be allowed if
there is reason to believe there is a problem with the gate seals or excessive heat loss.

3.7.2 The hot storage system shall be capable of conveying the hot mix from the plant to insulated and enclosed storage
bins and storing the hot mix without appreciable loss in temperature, asphalt migration, segregation, or oxidation.

3.7.3. The conveyer system may be a continuous type or skip bucket type. If the continuous type is used, it shall be enclosed
to prevent a drop in mix temperature. Ifthe skip bucket type is used, the bucket must be of sufficient capacity to transport an
entire batch and mass dump it into the bins.

3.7.4 The storage bins shall be designed in such a manner as to prevent segregation of the hot mix during discharge from
the conveyor into the bins and shall be equipped with discharge gates that do not cause segregation of the hot mix while loading
the mix into the trucks. The storage bin heating system shall be capable of maintaining the mix temperature without localized
heating (hot spots).

3.7.5 The bin shall be equipped with a light or indicator to show when the level of material reaches the top of the discharge
cone. The bin shall not be emptied below the top of the discharge cone until the use of the bin is completed each day. The
material remaining in the discharge cone may be rejected if there is evidence of segregation.

3.8 Weighing and Hauling — General.

3.8.1 The Contractor shall provide an approved automatic printer system that prints the weights of the material delivered,
provided the system is used in conjunction with an approved automatic batching and mixing control system. Such weights shall
be evidenced by a weight slip for each load.

3.8.2 Weight slips shall include requirements as shown in 109.01 and the following for batch plants with automatic
proportioning equipment:

(a) Tare weight of aggregate weigh box.

(b) Tare weight of asphalt binder weigh bucket.

(c) Accumulative weights as batched for cach aggregate (total of last aggregate will be aggregate total).
(d) Weight of asphalt binder.

(e) Accumulated total weight of batch.

3.8.3 Each weight slip will show a consecutive load number and shall include an accumulative total of material delivered
for each day.

3.9 Vehicles — General.

3.9.1 The inside surfaces of vehicles may be lightly lubricated with a soap solution or non-petroleum release agent that
will not be detrimental to the mix. Equipment that leaks oil, diesel fuel, gasoline, or any other substance detrimental to the
pavement will not be allowed on the project.

3.9.2. The mixture shall be transported from the paving plant to the project in trucks having tight, smooth, metal beds
previously cleaned of all foreign materials. Truck beds may be lined with a polyethylene type material designed and installed
for hauling hot bituminous mixes. Each load shall be covered with canvas or other suitable material of sufficient size and

2016 NHDOT
Go To= TOC Division 190 Division 200 Division 300 Division 400 Standard
Division 500 = Division 600 Division 700 Specifications

SECTION 401

thickness to retain heat and to protect it from weather conditions. The cover material when new shall weigh a minimum of 18
oz/yd? and it shall be a tightly woven or solid material. When necessary, so that the mixture can be delivered on the project at
the specified temperature, truck beds shall be insulated, and covers shall be securely fastened.

3.10 Placing — General.

3.10.1 Prior to placing of any mix, a pre-paving conference shall be held to discuss and approve the paving schedule, source
of mix, type and amount of equipment to be used, sequence of paving pattern, rate of mix supply, traffic control, and general
continuity of the operation. Special attention shall be made to the paving pattern sequence to minimize cold joints. The field
supervisors of the above mentioned operations shal! attend this meeting.

3.10.2 The Contractor shall notify the Engineer at least five working days in advance of paving operations to allow sufficient
time to schedule required site inspection and testing. All paving and compaction equipment shall be approved and on site prior
to start up each day.

3.10.3 Crack sealing material to be covered by a 1” or less overlay shall cure a minimum of 45 days prior to the placement
of bituminous pavement.

3.10.4 Base course pavement lifts shall not exceed the maximum compacted thickness of 5 inches. Any course exceeding 5
compacted inches shall be placed in 2 passes.

3.10.5 When performing paving operations at night, in addition to the requirements of 3.1.4.5, the Contractor shall provide
sufficient lighting at the work site to ensure the same degree of accuracy in workmanship and conditions regarding safety as
would be obtained in daylight.

3.10.6 Performance Requirements (QC/QA). The Contractor shall provide the following equipment for testing and sampling
at the project site. The equipment shall be in good condition and shall be replaced by the Contractor if, during the duration of the
project, it becomes unsuitable for testing or sampling purposes.

3.10.6.1 Metal plate 12” minimum each side, flat bottom scoop 3000-gram capacity minimum, and sample containers to
perform NHDOT B-7 sampling.

3.10.7 Weather Limitations.

3.10.7.1 General. In special instances, when the Engineer determines that it is in the best interest of the State, the Engineer
may waive the requirements of 3.10.7, provided that 3.10.7.3 shall always remain in effect.

3.10.7.2 Any material delivered to the spreader having a temperature lower than 260°F shall not be used unless modified
by a qualified warm mix technology capable of being compacted to project requirements at the recommended delivery
temperature.

3.10.7.3 Mixtures shall be placed only when the underlying surface is dry and frost free. The Engineer may permit, in case
of sudden rain, the placing of mixture then in transit from the plant, if laid on a base free from pools of water, provided motorist
visibility is not impaired and all other specifications are met. No load shall be sent out so late in the day that spreading and
compaction cannot be completed during the daylight, unless the requirements of 3.10.5 are met. The Engineer may suspend
operations for the day when the Contractor is unable to meet specifications.

3.10.7.4 All mix placed after October 1% and before May 1* shall be modified by a qualified warm mix technology.

3.10.7.4.1 Wearing course shall not be scheduled for placement after October 1st and before May 1“ without written
approval by the Engineer.

3.10.8 At the beginning and end of the project or project section, the existing pavement shall be removed to a sufficient depth
to allow the placing of the new pavement and construction of a transverse joint, which shall be painted with a suitable bituminous
material. The underlying course shall be clean and free from foreign materials and loose bituminous patches and must present a
dry, unyielding surface.

3.10.9 Sweeping - General. Existing pavement or previously laid courses shall be thoroughly dry and free from all dust,
dirt, and loose material. Sweeping with a power broom, supplemented by hand brooming, may be necessary.

3.10.10 Tack coat - General. Surfaces of any pavement course shall have a tack coat of emulsified asphalt applied in
accordance with the requirements of 410.3.4.

3.10.10.1 Tack will be sampled daily and tested by NHDOT for conformance with Section 410. Any pavement that has
been placed over tack that is found to be out of specification, but is deemed suitable to remain in place by the Engineer, will be
subject to a 3% price reduction. The price reduction will be applied only to the pavement placed on the date that the tack is

2016 NHDOT
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SECTICN 401

sampled. This price reduction will not relieve the Contractor of responsibility for latent defects and/or gross mistakes as outlined
in section 107.14.

Palen

3.10.11 General - Drainage and utility structures within the limits of the pavement shall be set and raised in accordance with
the provisions of 64.3.4. Contact surfaces of the drainage and utility castings as ordered shall be painted with a thin coating of
suitable bituminous material.

3.11 Pavers.

3.11.1.1 Pavers shall be:

(a) Self-contained, power propelled units with adjustable vibratory screeds and full-width screw augers that reach
within 18” of the end plate for fixed-width paving.

(b) Heated for the full width of the screed.

(c) Capable of spreading and finishing courses of hot asphalt mix in widths at least 12” more than the width of one
lane.

(d) Equipped with a receiving hopper having sufficient capacity to ensure a uniform spreading operation.

(e) Equipped with automatic feed controls, which are properly adjusted to maintain a uniform depth of material ahead
of the screed.

(f) Capable of being operated at forward speeds consistent with satisfactory laying of the mix.

(g) Capable of producing a finished surface of the required smoothness and texture without segregating, tearing,
shoving, or gouging the mixture.

(h) Equipped with automatic screed controls with sensors capable of sensing the transverse slope of the screed, and
providing the automatic signals that operate the screed to maintain grade and transverse slope from a reference such
as a grade wire or ski type device, either a floating beam with a minimum length of 30 ft or sonic averaging with a
minimum length of 24 ft.

3.11.1.2 Material Transfer Vehicle (MTV).

An approved MTV shall be used to transfer the bituminous mix from the hauling equipment to the paver. The MTV shall
operate independently from the paver and shall be a commercially manufactured unit specifically designed for the transfer of
mix from the hauling equipment to the paver without depositing the mix on the roadway. It shail have the ability to swing the
discharge conveyor to reach the paver hopper. The MTV shall be designed so that the mix is internally remixed. The minimum
storage capacity of the MTV shall be 12 tons,

The MTV will only be required for mainline construction and straight ramps (does not include loop ramps, interim
connections, interim crossovers and side roads) when the section is a minimum of 600 tons per paver mobilization unless
otherwise approved by the Contract Administrator.

When the MTV passes over a bridge that is not a fill over structure it shall be as near to empty as possible. The MTV also
shall not exceed 5 miles per hour while on the bridge. If the Contractor proposes moving the MTV over a bridge with more than
a minimal amount of material in it, a proposal must be submitted to and approved by the Bureau of Bridge Design prior to the
placing of any mix. The submittal needs to show in detail the wheel and axle loading that will be placed on the bridge deck.

3.11.1.3 When patching existing pavement, the material shall be placed on the prepared clean underlying surface at the
locations designated and shall be spread to produce a smooth and uniform patch, The patch material shall be thoroughly
compacted and shall match the line and grade of the adjacent pavement.

3.11.1.4 Relatively small areas not accessible to the paver may be spread by hand, but extreme care shall be taken to create
a surface texture similar to the machine work. Surface material shall be spread by lutes and not by rakes,

3.1L.1.5 Unless otherwise authorized, the final wearing course shall not be placed until guardrail posts have been set and
general cleanup has been completed.

3.11.1.6 When hot bituminous bridge pavement is to be placed over barrier membrane, the placing temperature shall be as
specified in 338.3.3.5. A paver, mounted on rubber tracks or tires, shall be used to place the 1” base course unless this procedure
is found to cause damage to the membrane. When such damage is found to be evident, the hand method may be allowed, The
hand method may also be allowed if the Engineer determines that the use of a paver for this work is impracticable. During warm
weather, the above paving shall be done during the cool period of the day. A paver shall be used to place the wearing course.

3.11.1.7 Where pavement is placed adjacent to structural members such as expansion joints, the material in the top course
shall be placed so that the compacted grade of the pavement is 1/4 to 3/8” above the grade of the structural member.

3.11.1.8 When paving on aggregate base courses and/or base course pavement, the first pass paved shall be on the travel
way and on the shoulders.

2016 NHDOT
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SECTION 401

3.11.1.9 Pavers used for all 403.11 Item work shall have a minimum weight of 28,000 lbs. and a minimum 8-foot
wheelbase.

3.11.2 Method Requirements
3.11.2.1 All courses shall be spread and finished to the required thickness by approved, self-contained, self-propelled
spreading and finishing machines (pavers). Pavers shall be provided with an adjustable, activated screed and shall be capable of
spreading the mixtures with a finish that is smooth, true to the required cross-section, uniform in density and texture, and free
from hollows, tears, gouges, corrugations, and other irregularities. Broadcasting behind the paver shall be held to a minimum.
Pavers shall be capable of spreading and finishing courses of the required thicknesses and lane widths. Horizontally oscillating
strike-off assemblies will not be approved.

3.11.2.2 The activated screed shall be of the vibrating or tamping bar type or a combination of both and shall operate without
tearing, shoving, or gouging the mixture. The activated portion of the screed shall extend the full width of the mixture being
placed in the traveled way and other areas with sufficient width to accommodate a paver. In other locations as permitted such as
narrow shoulders, tapers, and areas adjacent to curbs, non-activated extensions to the screed will be allowed. The paver shall be
equipped with a screed heater. The screed heater shall be used when starting a cold machine and for maintaining a suitable screed
temperature when needed.

3.11.2.3 Blaw Knox Pavers shall be equipped with the manufacturer’s material management kit. The paving Contractor
shall certify that this work has been done before using any Blaw Knox paver.

3.11.2.4 The paver hopper gates shall be adjusted to pass the correct amount of mix to the spreading screws so that the
screws operate more or less continuously. The height of material shall be maintained at a constant level in front of the screed, to
a point where approximately half of the auger shall be visible at all times.

3.11.2.5 When required by the Engineer pavers shall be equipped with the following automatic screed controls for each
paver:

1. Two 24 ft ski type devices or floating beams.
2. Two grade sensors.

3. Two short skis Gjoint matchers).

4. Slope sensing control for transverse slope.

The sensors for either or both sides of the paver shall be capable of sensing grade from an outside reference line or from the
surface using a ski type device and shall be capable of sensing transverse slope of the screed. The sensors shall provide automatic
signals that operate the screed to maintain the desired grade and transverse slope. Pavers shall not be used until the automatic
controls have been checked and approved by the Engineer.

3.11.2.6 The use of automatic grade and slope controls shall be required on all pavers.

3.11.2.7 Whenever a breakdown or malfunction of the automatic controls occurs, the equipment may be operated manually
for the remainder of the normal working day on which the breakdown or malfunction occurred. This method of operation must
meet all other specifications.

3.11.2.8 On projects or parts of projects where the Engineer deems that the use of automatic controls are impracticable,
some or all of the controls listed in 3.11.1.5 may be waived.

3.11.2.9 The forward speed of the paver shall be adjusted to the rate of the supply of materials so that the paver operates
without having to make stops except for emergencies. If the Engineer determines that the paving operations result in excessive
stopping of the paver, the Engineer may suspend all paving operations until the Contractor makes arrangements to synchronize
the rate of paving with the rate of delivery of materials.

3.11.3 Blank.
3.12 Compaction.

3.12.1 General. Unless an alternate compaction package is approved at the project pre-pave meeting, roller trains shall
consist of the equipment describe herein.

3.12.2 Method Requirements.
3.12.2.1 Immediately after the hot asphalt mix has been spread, struck off, and surface irregularities adjusted, it shall be
thoroughly and uniformly compacted by rolling. The initial tolling shall be done with a static or vibratory steel-drum roller.
Intermediate rolling shall be done by a pneumatic-tired roller. Final rolling shall be done with a static steel-drum roller ora roller
of the steel-drum three-axle type, locked. The completed course shall be free from ridges, ruts, humps, depressions, objectionable

2016 NHDOT
GoTo=> TOC Division 100 Division 200 Division 300 Division 400 Standard
Division 300 Division 600 Division 700 Specifications

SECTION 491

marks, visible segregation, or irregularities and in conformance with the line, grade, and cross-section shown in the Plans or as
established by the Engineer. Rollers must be in good mechanical condition, free from excessive backlash, faulty steering
mechanism, or worn parts. The empty weight and the ballasted weight shall be properly marked on each roller. The minimum
weight of static steel-drum rollers shall be 8 tons. When a vibratory roller is being used, the vibration shall stop automatically
when the roller is stopped or reversing direction of travel.

3.12.2.2 Pneumatic-tire rollers shall be self-propelled and shall be equipped with smooth tires of equal size and diameter.
The wheels shail be so spaced that one pass of a two-axle roller accomplishes one complete coverage. The wheels shall not
wobble and shall be equipped with pads that keep the tires wet. The rollers shall provide an operating weight of not Jess than
2,000 Ib per wheel. Tires shall be maintained at a uniform pressure between 55 and 90 psi with a 5 psi tolerance between al]
tires. A suitable tire pressure gauge shall be readily available.

3.12.2.3 Unless otherwise directed, rolling shall begin at the sides and proceed longitudinally parallel to the roadway center
line, gradually progressing to the crown of the roadway. The overlap shall be one-half the roller width for wheeled rollers and 6
in for vibrating rollers. No overlap is required for pneumatic-tired rollers. When paving in echelon or abutting a previously
placed lane, the longitudinal joint shali be rolled first followed by the regular rolling procedure. On superelevated curves, the
rolling shall begin at the low side and progress to the high side by overlapping of longitudinal passes parallel to the centerline.

3.12.2.4 Rollers shall move at a slow but uniform speed with the drive roll or drive wheels nearest the paver, except on steep
grades. Static and pneumatic-tired rollers shall not operate at speeds in excess of 6 mph. All courses shall be rolled until all roller
marks are eliminated.

Cores shall be collected by the Contractor at locations as determined and witnessed by the Engineer. One core per Jane mile,
but no less than two, shall be taken for each roadway segment paved. When shoulders are overlayed, cores shall be collected
solely for density information at a frequency of one core for every 750 tons of mix.

The Contractor will deliver the cores to the designated testing laboratory once NHDOT chain of custody measures have been
applied.

The minimum compaction requirement shall be 91% of maximum theoretical density as determined in accordance with
AASHTO T 209. The following reductions in unit price shall apply for all tonnage placed that is represented by any core
(excluding shoulder cores) that does not meet the minimum requirement: for results below 91% but equal to or greater than 90%,
a 5% reduction will be assessed; for any results below 90%, a 10% penalty for all tonnage placed will be assessed. At the
Engineer's discretion, the Contractor may be required to remove noncompliant material below 90% (no payment will be made
for this material or its removal).

3.12.2.4.1 All cores need not be cut at the same time. The Contractor is allowed the option to collect cores through all
placed lifts at once, provided cores are collected within two working days of placing the first course. Corrective action to any
covered course is at the Contractor’s risk.

3.12.2.5 Any displacement occurring as a result of reversing the direction of a roller, or from other causes, shall be corrected
at once by the use of lutes and the addition of fresh mixture when required. Care shall be exercised in rolling so as not to displace
the line and grade of the edges of the bituminous mixture.

3.12.2.6 To prevent adhesion of the mixture to the rollers, the wheels shall be kept properly moistened with water or water
mixed with very small quantities of detergent or other approved material. Excess liquid will not be permitted. All steel rollers
shall be equipped with adjustable wheel scrapers.

3.12.2.7 Along forms, curbs, headers, and similar structures and other places not accessible to a normal full-sized roller,
sidewalk rollers weighing at least 2,000 Ib (900 kg) shall be used. Where rollers are impracticable, the mixture shall be thoroughly
compacted with heated or lightly oiled hand tamps or vibrating plate compactors.

3.12.2.8 Unless the Engineer determines that for the weight and placement conditions a lesser number will be satisfactory
to obtain the desired pavement densities, the following is the list of required compaction equipment. The output of each paver
placing wearing course (Table 1) materials shall be compacted by the use of one each of the following complement of rollers as
a minimum: a static or vibratory steel-wheel roller, a pneumatic-tired roller and a three-axle roller or a static steel-wheeled roller.
if the required density is not being obtained with the rollers supplied, the use of additional rollers of the specified type may be
ordered. Paving widths in excess of 16 ft (5 m) will require additional rollers as ordered.

3.12.3 Performance Requirements (QC/QA).
3.12.3.1 Immediately after the hot asphalt mix has been spread, struck off, and surface irregularities adjusted, it shall be
thoroughly and uniformly compacted. The completed course shall be free from ridges, ruts, humps, depressions, objectionable
marks, visible segregation, or irregularities and in conformance with the line, grade, and cross-section shown in the Plans or as
established by the Engineer. If necessary, the mix design may be altered to achieve desired results.

2016 NHDCT
Go To=9 TOC Division 1006 Division 200 Division 300 Division 400 Standard
Division 500) Division 600 Division 700 Specifications